精神科の用語集
Glossary_of_psychiatry(Wiki)
Lexicon of psychiatric and mental health terms
- ２つのサイトから、症状・現象系の用語を抜き書きする
A
- abreaction 解除反応 何かを抑圧することで生じたemotional tensionを取り出したり解放したりする過程。その過程で生じる反応
- accultination difficulty 適応・対応するべき新環境になかなか適応しない様子
- acquired aphasia with epilepsy 問題なく発達していた子が、言語能力（receptive and expressiveの両方)に関してのみ発達が止まること。他の知的能力の発達は止まらずに正常。てんかん性脳波がみられることが多い
- acrophobia 高所恐怖
- adjustment disorder 適応障害
- agitation 不安に伴って現れる、顕著な落ち着きのなさと過剰な行動
- agnosia 失認 対症を認識する能力（の一部）を欠くこと。感覚刺激の解釈に影響する知覚的障害によって生じるもの
- agoraphobia 広場恐怖
- agraphia 失書
- akinesia 随意運動がないこと
- alexia 失読
- amnesia 記憶喪失・記憶障害・健忘
- anaesthesia 感覚脱失
- anankastic 強迫性
- anhedonia 無快感
- anorexia 食思不振
- anorgasmy 無オルガスム
- anosmia 無嗅覚
- antisocial 反社会的
- anxiety 不安
- aphasia 失語
- aphonia 失声
- apoplectic 卒中性
- apraxia 失行
- arousal 覚醒 "A psychophysiological concept incorporating a state of alertnes of varying degree, associated with sensory stimulationand activation of corticopetal impulses from the reticularformation."
- asthenic 無力の "A transient state of mild to moderate depression, fatigue, irritability, and heightened sensitivity to environmental stimuli."
- attachment 愛着
- attention 注意
- attention-seeking 注意喚起の かまってほしいアピールの
- attitude "An acquired behavioural disposition, assumed to account for variations in social behaviour under seemingly similar circumstances."
- auditory sequential memory
- autism 自閉
- automatic hyperarousal with hypervigilance
- hyperarousal は過覚醒、hypervigilanceは過警戒状態（野生生物が捕食者の気配を睡眠中にも覚知するような状態）
- aversion 嫌悪
- avoidant 回避の
B
- belle indifference 本当は困るはずの症状なのに、気にならないこと。anosognosia (病気を否定すること)とは違う
- breath-holding attacks （小児にみられる）息止め発作
- bulimia 過食
- burn-out
C
- cataplexy 急に筋のトーヌスがなくなること
- catastrophic reaction "A response characterized by a breakdown of coping behaviour, intense anxiety, and shock."
- catatonia 緊張状態 "qualitative psychomotor and volitional disturvances", "Catatonia is a complex neuropsychiatric behavioral syndrome that is characterized by abnormal movements, immobility, abnormal behaviors, and withdrawal" ... Wikipedia "Catatonia"
- choleiform movements
- choreoathetoid movements "choreiform movements + athetosis (slow, writhing, involuntary movements)"
- claustrophobia 閉所恐怖
- cluttering "a rapid rate of spheech with breakdown in fluency, but no repetitions or hesitations, of a severity to give rise to impaired speech intelligibility"
- cognition 何らかの形で知識を獲得すること
- command automatism 命令自動 機械のように言われる通りにすること
- comprehension 知的に了解すること
- compulsive 強迫的 せずにはいられない
- conduct disorder 素行障害・行為障害 反復して持続的な、反社会的、攻撃的、また反抗的な行動をとること
- confabulation 『懇談・打ち解けたおしゃべり』→"In psychology, confabulation is a memory error defined as the production of fabricated, distorted, or misinterpreted memories about oneself or the world. " (Wikipedia "Confabulation")
- confusion "a state of impaired consciousness associated with acute or chronic cerebral organic disease"
- coping capacity 調節・適応・問題解決・課題克服の能力
- copropraxia "Copropraxia is a tic consisting of involuntarily performing obscene or forbidden gestures, or inappropriate touching" (Wikipedia "Corpopraxia")
- crisis reaction
- culture shock
D
- delirium せん妄 a nonspecific cerebral organic syndrome characterized by concurrent disturbances of consciousness and attention, perception, thinking, memory, psychomotor behabiour, emotion and the sleep-wake schedule"
- delusion 妄想 "a false, incorrigible conviction or judgement, out of keeping with reality and with the socially shared beliefs"
- delusional perception 妄想知覚
- delusion of grandeur 誇大妄想
- delusion of persecution 被害妄想
- delusions of control " The conviction that one's own will is replaced by that of some external agency or farce"
- delusion of polymorphic nature "Multiple, inconsistent or contradictory, and often transient delusional ideas"
- dementia "dsturvance of multiple higher cortica functions"
- denial "a refusal to admit or acknowledge apparent truth"
- depersonalization 離人
- derealization 現実感喪失
- deprivation 剥奪 "failure to meet the needs or wants of another; denial of access to, or withdrawal of, the supplies needed by another"
- discrimination "the act of distinguishing accurately and identifying an object or concept by means of recognizing differences between it and other objects or concepts"
- disorientation "an obscuring of the temporal, topographical, or personal spheres of consciousness"
- dissociative 解離性の disorder "loss of the normal integration between memories of the past, awareness of identity, immediate,sensations, and control of bodily movements"
- (cognitive) distorsion (認知の)歪み
- dysarthria 発声発語障害
- dyscalculia 計算障害
- dyskinesia "a general term covering various forms of abnormal movement"
- dyslalia 構語障害
- dyslexia 発達性読み書き障害
- dysmnesia 記憶障害
- dysthymia "a disorder characterized by a chronic depression of mood, lasting at least several years"
E
- echopraxia "pthologic imitation of movements or gestures of another"
- egodystonic 自身の何かを受け入れられないこと
- egosyntonic 自身の何かを自分のもの・一部と受け入れられること
- elation 状況に不釣り合いに陽気な情動状態
- elliptical (楕円形の) 話の重要要素が１個以上欠けていて内容がわからないようなしゃべり口
- encopresis 遺糞
- enuresis 夜尿
- exibitionism 露出症
- explosive 爆発の、かんしゃくの
F
- factitious 「わざとらしい、不自然な・人為的な」→虚偽性(障害)
- fetishism "reliance on nonliving objects as a stimulus of sexual arousal and sexual gratification"
- fire-setting 火つけ pyromania(放火(癖))
- flashbacks "spontaneous recurrence of the visual distortion, physical symptoms, loss of ego boundaries, or intense emotions"
- flight of ideas "increased distractibility(転導性) of thoughts" を伴うdisordered form of thinking
- frotteurism 窃触症窃触症
G
- Gerstmann syndrome "失算、失書、左右障害、手指失認の４症状を示す" "頭のなかでイメージを回転して操作することができないことが、この症候群の本質"
- grandiose 誇大な
- grief reaction 悲嘆反応
H
- hallucination 何かしらの知覚であって、それに対応する適切な外的刺激なしに感じられるもの
- histrionic 俳優の・芝居じみた "describes exaggerated gesture, expression, and speech associated with acting"
- hypersomnia
- hypervigilance "excessive alertness" 危険がないか過敏
- ideas of reference 関係念慮
- incoherence思考と話しの内容が文法的におかしかったりつながりがなかったりして理解不能なこと
K
- Kleine-Levin syndrome 若年者（男＞女）で過眠・過食の症候群
